Carpets are used for many purposes, right from insulating one’s feet from cold tiles or concrete floors, to making a room comfortable to sit on the floor, apart from adding an element of decoration to a room. Carpet making has been in practice since hundreds of years in India while the influx of Persian and Moghul culture lent a completely new way of carpet making and innovating, which continues to this day.
TCarpets are usually produced on a loom which is similar to the ones used for woven fabric. It is made using needle felts, which are knotted by hand with their pile injected into a strong backing material (a process called tufting). These are then flat-woven, made by hooking the wool through the meshes of a sturdy fabric material or embroidered ones. Wool is a commonly used material to make carpets due to its excellent durability, and the ability to get dyed easily. It is also available abundantly. Blended wool yarns are being used extensively for the production of modern carpets, with the blend ratio being 80 % wool and 20 % synthetic fiber.
Carpet are made of dyed pile yarns where these yarns are sewn while a secondary backing gives more strength to the carpets. The adhesives bind the primary and secondary backing materials while there may be a cushion also laid underneath the carpets for a much softer and luxurious feel.
The completed carpets are steamed, and then brushed, vacuumed, and run through a special machine which eliminates any tufts which rises above its clear uniform surface. The carpet is then rolled into various lengths, packaged and shipped to warehouses or retail carpet stores.